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Les forêts, mesurées du tronc au satellite.

Les forêts souffrent de la sécheresse, de la chaleur, des ravageurs et des incendies, et disparaissent sous les défrichements. Les satellites montrent où le couvert change ; les placettes au sol montrent pourquoi. La croissance des troncs, l’humidité du sol, le microclimat et les caméras de canopée, associés à la détection satellitaire, donnent aux propriétaires, aux administrations et aux acheteurs la preuve de l’état et de l’évolution de la forêt.

Industrie

Nature

Mesures

5

Sources citées

5

1. Nature · État et évolution des forêts

   Stress, pests and loss

   Forests are stressed by drought and heat, attacked by pests and lost to clearing, and supply chains must now prove products are deforestation-free. Satellites show where the canopy changes; ground plots show why and confirm what happened. Together they give evidence owners, agencies and buyers can rely on.

2. Ce qui est mesuré

   From the stem to the canopy

   Dendrometers on sample trees record stem growth and daily shrinking under water stress. Soil probes record moisture and temperature, weather sensors record the microclimate under and above the canopy, and a camera above the canopy records its colour and condition every day.

   Instruments

   Dendrometers · Soil probes · Microclimate sensors · Canopy camera

3. Le nœud de base

   Stress before death

   The node computes daily growth and water stress from the dendrometers, flags trees that stop growing in a drought, detects canopy browning in images and checks every satellite change alert against its plots, so stress is seen before trees die and clearing is confirmed on the ground.

4. Radio et liaisons

   Under the canopy, out over the trees

   Plots under the canopy reach a gateway on a tower over a long-range, low-power link. Where coverage reaches the tower, cellular carries data and images; remote forests send them by satellite. Plot sensors run on batteries for years, so visits follow the remeasurement schedule.

   Liaisons

   LoRaWAN · Réseau mobile public · Satellite

5. Comment ça marche

   From a shrinking stem to a pest alert

   In a dry summer, dendrometers in one stand show stems shrinking and growth stopping, and the canopy camera shows browning. The node flags the stand, the forester finds a beetle outbreak in its first weeks, and infested trees are removed before it spreads.

6. De la commande à l’exploitation · Commande

   Scope the forest and its duties

   The scope reads the forests, the owner’s or agency’s reporting duties, deforestation-free supply chain needs, pests and drought history and existing plots. Nexus Observatory Inc. returns a plot and tower plan, the satellite link, and a price per site and per year.

   Planifier un déploiement

7. De la commande à l’exploitation · Relevé

   Survey plots and towers

   Crews and foresters walk candidate plots by forest type, select sample trees, find tower sites with views over the canopy and gateway coverage, and record everything with coordinates and photographs following the harmonised plot methods. Findings shape the kit for each site before anything is built.

8. De la commande à l’exploitation · Autorisations

   Owners and protected areas

   Forest owners and, in protected forests, conservation authorities approve plots and towers. Tower building follows local rules, and work avoids nesting seasons. Every approval is kept with the site record. No crew goes to site before its approvals are in place.

9. De la commande à l’exploitation · Fabrication

   Build and test

   Dendrometers, soil probes and weather sensors are tested, radios paired, the gateway, camera and node configured and enrolled with their identities, and the whole site runs together before shipping. Kits are labelled for each plot. Nothing ships until the whole kit has passed its tests together.

   Ouvrir le configurateur de stations

10. De la commande à l’exploitation · Installation

    Install in the plots

    Crews fit dendrometers to sample trees, bury soil profiles, set weather sensors, raise the tower with its camera and gateway, and install solar power and backhaul. Every tree and sensor is tagged and photographed. Crews follow the site safety plan throughout the work.

11. De la commande à l’exploitation · Mise en service

    Commission against manual measures

    Chaque nœud prouve son identité. Dendrometers are checked against tape measures, soil probes against samples, weather against a reference and canopy images against a field assessment. The site enters service when checks pass. Acceptance is recorded with the owner before handover.

12. De la commande à l’exploitation · Exploitation

    Watch condition and change

    Owners and agencies see growth, stress, microclimate and canopy condition in every plot, with satellite change alerts checked on the ground. Drought stress and pest outbreaks are seen early, and clearing is confirmed with evidence. Every alert and action is kept on the record.

13. De la commande à l’exploitation · Maintenance

    Remeasure and recalibrate

    Plots are remeasured on the harmonised schedule, dendrometers moved as trees grow, sensors cleaned and replaced, and software updates roll out in rings. Every change is kept with the plot record. Maintenance history stays with each site for its whole life.

    Réserver des services sur le terrain

14. Produits de données

    For owners, agencies and supply chains

    Forest owners and managers receive drought and pest stress alerts; agencies and supply chain teams receive forest change confirmed on the ground; national forest inventories receive plot condition records; remote sensing teams receive ground truth for satellite products, each tied to plot and date.

    Voir les produits de données

15. Preuves

    Harmonised plots, global reporting

    Plots follow the international forest monitoring manual, forest area and change support the global forest resources assessment, and ground evidence supports due diligence under the deforestation-free products regulation. Every measurement keeps its plot, tree and calibration record, so satellite products can be checked against it.

    Référentiels

    ICP Forests Manual · Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 · Regulation (EU) 2023/1115

16. Ce que vous obtenez

    Surveillance de la biodiversité et des habitats

    Capteurs acoustiques, pièges photographiques qui excluent les personnes, logistique d’échantillonnage d’ADNe et évolution des habitats par observation de la Terre, pour les programmes et déclarations sur la nature. Fourni sous forme de service géré et licence de données, pour conservation programmes, corporates, lenders, agencies. Scale: Landscape scale. Service levels are written as numbers you can measure on your own dashboard.

    Parler aux ventes

17. Étape suivante

    Planifier avec nous : état et évolution des forêts

    Tell us the site, the measurements and the rules it answers to. We reply with a survey proposal, a design and a scope for forest condition and change. An engineer replies with a survey proposal and a scope, and the plan grows from one site to the network you need, at your pace.

    Planifier un déploiementOuvrir le configurateur de stationsOuvrir le Studio

01Le lieu et ses dangers

Où il fonctionne, et ce qui peut mal tourner.

Operating contextForest condition is monitored on harmonised plots under the international forest monitoring programme manual, countries report forest area and change in the global forest resources assessment, and traders must now prove that products are deforestation-free. Ground plots calibrate the satellite products these duties rely on.

Dangers

• Drought and heat stress killing trees across regions
• Bark beetle and other pest outbreaks
• Illegal clearing that satellites see too late
• Plots measured once every few years
• Satellite products with no ground truth

02Ce qu’il faut mesurer

Quoi, où, à quelle fréquence, et selon quelles règles.

Chaque mesure indique où elle est prise, à quelle fréquence, et la norme ou la réglementation publique qui la fonde. Les numéros de la colonne des sources ouvrent la source citée plus bas.

03La pile d’observation

D’un module de base à un réseau.

Les mêmes briques à chaque échelle : des instruments et un nœud de base, un site avec sa radio, une flotte exploitée comme un tout, et un réseau fédéré sur le protocole ouvert.

1. 01

   Unité de base

   A plot: dendrometers, soil probes and a weather sensor on a low-power radio.

   Build a station →
2. 02

   Site

   A site: plots across a forest, a tower with a canopy camera and gateway, a node and solar power.

   Plan a site →
3. 03

   Parc

   Every monitored forest of an owner or agency on one view, joined with satellite change detection.

   Managed offers →
4. 04

   Réseau

   Owners, agencies and buyers exchange forest condition and change records through open standards.

   The open protocol →

• 01Station météo compacte
• 02Sonde de sol
• 03Caméra fixe
• 04Terminal LPWAN
• 05Passerelle LoRaWAN
• 06Nœud de périphérie (Wedge)
• 07Modem/routeur cellulaire
• 08Terminal plat LEO
• 09Champ solaire
• 10Pylône à treillis

Radio et liaisons

LoRaWAN

Plots under the canopy reach a gateway on a tower over a long-range, low-power link.

Radio et liaisons

Réseau mobile public

Where coverage reaches the tower, cellular carries data and images.

Radio et liaisons

Satellite

Remote forests send data by satellite.

Edge computeThe node computes daily growth and water stress from the dendrometers, flags trees that stop growing in a drought, detects canopy browning in images and checks satellite change alerts against its plots.

PowerPlot sensors run on batteries for years; the tower runs on solar with batteries sized for the dark season under clouds.

04Comment ça marche

De l’instrument au produit.

Le parcours d’une observation, niveau par niveau, avec l’interface de chaque liaison et une nomenclature en dessous ; puis comment ce nœud devient un site, une flotte et des réseaux fédérés.

05De la commande à l’exploitation

Chaque étape, du premier appel à un site en service.

La même équipe et le même dossier portent le travail, du cadrage à la maintenance.

1. 01 Order

   Scope the forest and its duties

   The scope reads the forests, the owner’s or agency’s reporting duties, deforestation-free supply chain needs, pests and drought history and existing plots. Nexus Observatory Inc. returns a plot and tower plan, the satellite link, and a price per site and per year. 54

2. 02 Survey

   Survey plots and towers

   Crews and foresters walk candidate plots by forest type, select sample trees, find tower sites with views over the canopy and gateway coverage, and record everything with coordinates and photographs following the harmonised plot methods. Findings shape the kit for each site before anything is built. 1

3. 03 Permits

   Owners and protected areas

   Forest owners and, in protected forests, conservation authorities approve plots and towers. Tower building follows local rules, and work avoids nesting seasons. Every approval is kept with the site record. No crew goes to site before its approvals are in place.

4. 04 Build

   Build and test

   Dendrometers, soil probes and weather sensors are tested, radios paired, the gateway, camera and node configured and enrolled with their identities, and the whole site runs together before shipping. Kits are labelled for each plot. Nothing ships until the whole kit has passed its tests together.

5. 05 Install

   Install in the plots

   Crews fit dendrometers to sample trees, bury soil profiles, set weather sensors, raise the tower with its camera and gateway, and install solar power and backhaul. Every tree and sensor is tagged and photographed. Crews follow the site safety plan throughout the work.

6. 06 Commission

   Commission against manual measures

   Chaque nœud prouve son identité. Dendrometers are checked against tape measures, soil probes against samples, weather against a reference and canopy images against a field assessment. The site enters service when checks pass. Acceptance is recorded with the owner before handover. 1

7. 07 Operate

   Watch condition and change

   Owners and agencies see growth, stress, microclimate and canopy condition in every plot, with satellite change alerts checked on the ground. Drought stress and pest outbreaks are seen early, and clearing is confirmed with evidence. Every alert and action is kept on the record. 45

8. 08 Maintain

   Remeasure and recalibrate

   Plots are remeasured on the harmonised schedule, dendrometers moved as trees grow, sensors cleaned and replaced, and software updates roll out in rings. Every change is kept with the plot record. Maintenance history stays with each site for its whole life. 1

06Produits de données et intégration

Ce qu’il fournit, à qui, et dans quels systèmes.

Produits de données

• Drought and pest stress alertsForest owners and managers
• Forest area change confirmed on the groundAgencies and supply chain teams
• Plot condition recordsNational forest inventories
• Ground truth for satellite productsRemote sensing teams

Intégration

• Inventaire forestierPlot records join the national or owner’s inventory.
• Chaîne d’approvisionnementChange evidence supports due diligence statements.
• Satellite productsPlots calibrate and check change detection.

Exchanged through OGC SensorThings API, GeoJSON, STAC.

07Questions des acheteurs

Avant de cadrer votre projet.

Can it prove deforestation-free?

It provides ground evidence for due diligence, joined with satellite change.

How long do plot sensors last?

Batteries last years; plots are visited on the remeasurement schedule.

Does it detect pests?

Growth stops and canopy browning flag outbreaks early.

Can our foresters use it?

Yes. Plots follow the methods foresters already know.

08Ressources

Les sources de cette page.

Normes, réglementations et lignes directrices publiques, citées là où elles s’appliquent. Chacune ne s’applique que dans sa juridiction ou son champ.

1. 1ICP Forests Manual on methods and criteria for harmonized sampling, assessment, monitoring and analysis of the effects of air pollution on forestsUNECE International Co-operative Programme on Forests
2. 2GCOS-244: The 2022 GCOS Implementation PlanGlobal Climate Observing System · 2022
3. 3WMO-No. 8: Guide to Instruments and Methods of ObservationWorld Meteorological Organization
4. 4Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations · 2020
5. 5Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 on deforestation-free productsEuropean Union · 2023

09Voir aussi

Cas d’usage et solutions.

10Nature : domaines spécialisés

Les autres domaines de cette industrie.

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