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Network scenes

Networks, computed in the place they run.

Each scene places a radio access, Open RAN, AI-RAN, private 5G, IoT, satellite or backhaul deployment in a place drawn to scale, with its signals computed from the propagation models and standards it names.

Radio access in a city centreA three-sector macro site on the tallest roof and small cells on street poles: their coverage, interference and beams computed over the streets and buildings of the drawing. RAN · 5G NR · CityOpen RAN in a suburbA disaggregated site: the radio unit on the mast, the distributed unit in the cabinet, the central unit and near-real-time RIC at the edge, the non-real-time RIC and SMO in the cloud, with every interface drawn and named. O-RAN · Fronthaul · RIC · SuburbAI-RAN at a stadiumRadios on the stadium roof run their baseband on a GPU server at the edge, which also runs the AI that watches the crowd and steers the beams through an xApp loop. AI-RAN · Near-RT RIC · Massive MIMO · VenuePrivate 5G in an open-pit mineA private network for haul trucks, drills and slope radar: a mast on the rim, a cell in the pit, the core at the plant, and coverage computed over the benches themselves. Private 5G · Mining · TerrainPrivate 5G at a container portSmall cells on the yard lighting masts and a sector site on the operations building serve remote-controlled cranes and trucks among steel container stacks. Private 5G · Port · Remote controlLoRaWAN across a farm and villageSoil probes in every field report to gateways on the water tower and the church spire; the adaptive data rate, time on air and duty cycle are computed from the link budget. IoT · LoRaWAN · RuralIoT in the city: a street-light mesh and LoRaWANStreet-light controllers form a radio mesh that routes around a failed node to its border router, while meters and sensors report to a rooftop LoRaWAN gateway. IoT · Mesh · LoRaWAN · CityIndustrial IoT in a process plantWireless instruments on the pipe racks and process units form a mesh to the control building, tank gauges report over LoRaWAN, and a microwave hop links the control building to the substation. IoT · Mesh · LoRaWAN · IndustrialSatellite direct to device in a mountain valleyWhere the valley cell cannot reach, phones on the pass road connect straight to a low-orbit satellite, which relays through its feeder link to a gateway. Slant range, delay, Doppler and SNR are computed for the pass geometry. NTN · Satellite · MountainMicrowave backhaul across a river valleyAn 18 GHz hop from the church tower to a mast on the far side of the flood plain: its first Fresnel zone, clearance over the town and trees, and what a new building in the path costs. Backhaul · Fresnel zone · River

The places

Rural village and farmlandSoil probes in the fields, a LoRaWAN gateway on the water tower, a weather station by a farmstead and a solar microgrid at the village edge. Guided tourCity centreSmall-cell poles at the junctions, air-quality nodes on the footways and an edge node in the exchange, among blocks drawn to their heights. Guided tourSuburbA monopole cell site by the shopping parade, a weather station at the school and a substation on the distribution network. Guided tourProcess plantGas detectors on the units, a private LTE mast on its skid, an edge data centre by the control building and a substation yard. Guided tourContainer terminalA coastal radar, a met-ocean buoy in the approach and crane-side edge compute among quay cranes and container stacks. Guided tourOpen-pit mine complexSlope radar on the rim, a haul truck on the ramp, a primary crusher, a private LTE mast and a tailings section with piezometers. Guided tourOffshore fieldA met-ocean buoy and a profiling float near a jacket platform and an offshore wind array, reporting through a satellite terminal. Guided tourForest ridgesFire cameras on the ridges, a flux tower in the stand and a weather station on the fire road. Guided tourRiver and flood plainA radar stream gauge on the road bridge, a water-quality station on the bank and a groundwater well on the plain. Guided tourAlpine valleyA snow-depth and avalanche radar station above the tree line, a GNSS monument on a spur and a seismometer vault by the village. Guided tourHighway corridorA road-weather station by the interchange, a roadside cell site and a GNSS station on the overpass. Guided tourStadium and campusMassive-MIMO units on the stadium roof, an AI edge node beside it and a weather station on the campus quad. Guided tourAirportA weather station by the runway, a lidar for wind shear and a ground station beside the cargo apron. Guided tour