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Chaque radiosondage lancé, reçu et partagé.

Les radiosondages indiquent aux prévisionnistes comment l’atmosphère est stratifiée, et les modèles mondiaux en dépendent. Une station doit lancer à l’heure, recevoir le profil complet, le vérifier et l’envoyer au monde dans l’heure. Équipements au sol, consommables et équipes sont gérés comme un seul service.

Industrie

Gouvernement

Mesures

4

Sources citées

3

1. Administration publique · Radiosondages en altitude

   Global models start here

   Every global forecast model leans on upper-air soundings: temperature, humidity and wind through the depth of the atmosphere, launched at fixed hours around the world. A missed launch at a remote station leaves a hole the models feel. Stations need receivers, references, consumables and crews that keep the schedule.

2. Ce qui est mesuré

   A profile on every ascent

   The radiosonde measures temperature, humidity and pressure as it rises and reports its satellite position, from which upper winds are derived. A ground receiver follows it to burst, and a reference station beside the launch area checks its surface values before release.

   Instruments

   Radiosonde ground receiver · Surface reference station · Antenna

3. Le nœud de base

   Checked and encoded at the station

   The station node takes the profile from the receiver, compares surface values with the reference, applies the checks, encodes the standard report and keeps the full-resolution profile for climate and research users. It also counts sondes, balloons and gas so stock never stops a launch.

4. Radio et liaisons

   Sent within the hour

   Stations near towns send each profile over public cellular as soon as the ascent ends. Remote and island stations send by satellite so their soundings never miss a model cycle. Reports reach the national system and global centres through the WMO Information System.

   Liaisons

   Réseau mobile public · Satellite

5. Comment ça marche

   From a balloon to a global model

   At the scheduled hour the observer checks the surface reference and launches. The receiver follows the sonde to burst, the node checks and encodes the profile, and the report is in the exchange before the model cut-off. Global centres assimilate it in their next forecast cycle.

6. De la commande à l’exploitation · Commande

   Scope the schedule and the stations

   The scope reads the station list, the launch schedule the service commits to, consumables use, gas supply and the reports that missed model cycles. Nexus Observatory Inc. returns the ground equipment, the reporting design, a consumables and gas plan, training and a price per station and per year.

   Planifier un déploiement

7. De la commande à l’exploitation · Relevé

   Survey the launch site

   Crews visit each station: launch area clear of obstructions and power lines, the receiver antenna’s view of the sky, gas storage and its separation from buildings, the surface reference exposure and the backhaul. Findings and photographs go into the station record.

8. De la commande à l’exploitation · Autorisations

   Gas, airspace and safety

   Gas storage and handling follow the national safety rules, launches are notified to the air navigation service as required, and radio use for the sonde frequencies is licensed. Every approval and safety procedure is kept with the station record. Approvals are tracked site by site, so nothing waits unseen.

9. De la commande à l’exploitation · Fabrication

   Build and test the ground station

   Receivers, antennas, reference sensors and nodes are assembled, tested together with sondes on the bench and enrolled with their identities. The encoding and exchange chain is tested end to end with the national system before anything ships. Test results travel with the kit to the site.

   Ouvrir le configurateur de stations

10. De la commande à l’exploitation · Installation

    Install receiver and reference

    Crews mount the receiver antenna with a clear view of the sky, install the surface reference station beside the launch area, fit the shelter and power, and connect the backhaul. Every part is photographed and the station record is updated.

11. De la commande à l’exploitation · Mise en service

    Commission with dual launches

    Chaque nœud prouve son identité. Trial launches check reception through the whole ascent, surface reference agreement and the time from burst to exchange. The station enters service when its soundings pass the checks and arrive on time. Results are signed and kept with the site record.

12. De la commande à l’exploitation · Exploitation

    Launch on schedule

    The service sees every station’s launches, missed soundings, consumables in stock and report times. Forecasters receive profiles within the hour, global centres receive them through the exchange, and stock alerts reorder sondes and balloons before a launch is missed. Reports for owners and funders come from the same record.

13. De la commande à l’exploitation · Maintenance

    Keep the receivers running

    Receivers, antennas and reference sensors are checked on visits, references are calibrated on the agreed plan, software updates roll out in rings, and observers are trained and refreshed. Every change and missed launch is kept with the station record. Spares and procedures travel with the crews.

    Réserver des services sur le terrain

14. Produits de données

    For forecasters and model centres

    Forecasters and global model centres receive temperature, humidity and wind profiles; service managers receive missed-launch and timeliness reports; climate and research users receive full-resolution profiles; station managers and procurement receive consumables and gas stock, each tied to its station and launch time.

    Voir les produits de données

15. Preuves

    Every sounding accounted for

    Soundings follow the WMO instrument guide, stations meet the upper-air commitments of the global observing system and reports move through the WMO Information System. Every launch, missed sounding and report time is kept, so the service can show its record to users and funders.

    Référentiels

    WMO-No. 8 · WMO-No. 1160 · WMO-No. 1060

16. Ce que vous obtenez

    Programmes de réseaux nationaux d’observation

    Construction, exploitation et transfert d’une infrastructure nationale d’observation comme infrastructure publique numérique, avec transfert des compétences et des registres. Fourni sous forme de construction-exploitation-transfert et services professionnels, pour governments, development lenders financing them. Scale: National. Service levels are written as numbers you can measure on your own dashboard.

    Parler aux ventes

17. Étape suivante

    Planifier avec nous : radiosondages en altitude

    Tell us the site, the measurements and the rules it answers to. We reply with a survey proposal, a design and a scope for upper-air soundings. An engineer replies with a survey proposal and a scope, and the plan grows from one site to the network you need, at your pace.

    Planifier un déploiementOuvrir le configurateur de stationsOuvrir le Studio

01Le lieu et ses dangers

Où il fonctionne, et ce qui peut mal tourner.

Operating contextNational services launch radiosondes at fixed hours from upper-air stations, often remote, and the soundings feed every global forecast model. Countries commit to upper-air observations in the global observing network, and stations need reliable ground receivers, surface references, safe gas handling and trained crews to keep the schedule.

Dangers

• Missed launches when consumables or gas run short
• Ground receivers failing at remote stations
• Surface reference values that disagree with the sonde
• Lighter-than-air gas that must be handled safely
• Soundings that arrive too late for model cycles

02Ce qu’il faut mesurer

Quoi, où, à quelle fréquence, et selon quelles règles.

Chaque mesure indique où elle est prise, à quelle fréquence, et la norme ou la réglementation publique qui la fonde. Les numéros de la colonne des sources ouvrent la source citée plus bas.

03La pile d’observation

D’un module de base à un réseau.

Les mêmes briques à chaque échelle : des instruments et un nœud de base, un site avec sa radio, une flotte exploitée comme un tout, et un réseau fédéré sur le protocole ouvert.

1. 01

   Unité de base

   A ground station: the receiver and its antenna, a surface reference station and a node that checks and encodes each profile.

   Build a station →
2. 02

   Site

   An upper-air station: the ground station, launch area, gas storage and a backhaul that is never shared with nothing else in a storm.

   Plan a site →
3. 03

   Parc

   The national upper-air fleet run with one schedule, one consumables plan and one console.

   Managed offers →
4. 04

   Réseau

   Soundings are exchanged with every WMO member through the WMO Information System in standard formats.

   The open protocol →

• 01Station sol de radiosondage
• 02Station météorologique automatique (classe OMM)
• 03Passerelle de capteurs et d’instruments
• 04Nœud de périphérie (Wedge)
• 05Modem/routeur cellulaire
• 06Terminal plat LEO
• 07Champ solaire
• 08Abri

Radio et liaisons

Réseau mobile public

Stations near towns send profiles over cellular within minutes of the end of the ascent.

Radio et liaisons

Satellite

Remote and island stations send profiles by satellite so reports never miss a model cycle.

Edge computeThe node receives the profile from the ground receiver, compares the surface values with the reference station, applies the checks, encodes the report and keeps the full-resolution profile for the climate record.

PowerMains where available with batteries to finish an ascent through an outage; remote stations run on solar and batteries with a generator for gas production equipment where used.

04Comment ça marche

De l’instrument au produit.

Le parcours d’une observation, niveau par niveau, avec l’interface de chaque liaison et une nomenclature en dessous ; puis comment ce nœud devient un site, une flotte et des réseaux fédérés.

05De la commande à l’exploitation

Chaque étape, du premier appel à un site en service.

La même équipe et le même dossier portent le travail, du cadrage à la maintenance.

1. 01 Order

   Scope the schedule and the stations

   The scope reads the station list, the launch schedule the service commits to, consumables use, gas supply and the reports that missed model cycles. Nexus Observatory Inc. returns the ground equipment, the reporting design, a consumables and gas plan, training and a price per station and per year. 2

2. 02 Survey

   Survey the launch site

   Crews visit each station: launch area clear of obstructions and power lines, the receiver antenna’s view of the sky, gas storage and its separation from buildings, the surface reference exposure and the backhaul. Findings and photographs go into the station record. 1

3. 03 Permits

   Gas, airspace and safety

   Gas storage and handling follow the national safety rules, launches are notified to the air navigation service as required, and radio use for the sonde frequencies is licensed. Every approval and safety procedure is kept with the station record. Approvals are tracked site by site, so nothing waits unseen.

4. 04 Build

   Build and test the ground station

   Receivers, antennas, reference sensors and nodes are assembled, tested together with sondes on the bench and enrolled with their identities. The encoding and exchange chain is tested end to end with the national system before anything ships. Test results travel with the kit to the site.

5. 05 Install

   Install receiver and reference

   Crews mount the receiver antenna with a clear view of the sky, install the surface reference station beside the launch area, fit the shelter and power, and connect the backhaul. Every part is photographed and the station record is updated.

6. 06 Commission

   Commission with dual launches

   Chaque nœud prouve son identité. Trial launches check reception through the whole ascent, surface reference agreement and the time from burst to exchange. The station enters service when its soundings pass the checks and arrive on time. Results are signed and kept with the site record. 3

7. 07 Operate

   Launch on schedule

   The service sees every station’s launches, missed soundings, consumables in stock and report times. Forecasters receive profiles within the hour, global centres receive them through the exchange, and stock alerts reorder sondes and balloons before a launch is missed. Reports for owners and funders come from the same record. 2

8. 08 Maintain

   Keep the receivers running

   Receivers, antennas and reference sensors are checked on visits, references are calibrated on the agreed plan, software updates roll out in rings, and observers are trained and refreshed. Every change and missed launch is kept with the station record. Spares and procedures travel with the crews.

06Produits de données et intégration

Ce qu’il fournit, à qui, et dans quels systèmes.

Produits de données

• Temperature, humidity and wind profilesForecasters and global model centres
• Missed-launch and timeliness reportsGestion des services
• Full-resolution profilesClimate and research users
• Consumables and gas stockStation managers and procurement

Intégration

• National forecasting systemProfiles arrive in the service’s own systems in the formats it uses.
• WMO Information SystemSoundings are published through the national node for global exchange.
• ApprovisionnementStock levels raise orders for sondes, balloons and gas before they run short.

Exchanged through WMO WIS 2.0, WMO BUFR, OGC SensorThings API.

07Questions des acheteurs

Avant de cadrer votre projet.

Do you supply sondes?

Consumables are planned and ordered with the service; sonde types follow its own procurement.

Can it run with one observer?

Yes. Receiving, checking and sending are automatic once the sonde is launched.

How fast is the report?

The report is encoded and sent as soon as the ascent ends.

Is the gas handling safe?

Storage and filling follow the national safety rules, and crews are trained.

08Ressources

Les sources de cette page.

Normes, réglementations et lignes directrices publiques, citées là où elles s’appliquent. Chacune ne s’applique que dans sa juridiction ou son champ.

1. 1WMO-No. 8: Guide to Instruments and Methods of ObservationWorld Meteorological Organization
2. 2WMO-No. 1160: Manual on the WMO Integrated Global Observing SystemWorld Meteorological Organization
3. 3WMO-No. 1060: Manual on the WMO Information SystemWorld Meteorological Organization

09Voir aussi

Cas d’usage et solutions.

10Administration publique : domaines spécialisés

Les autres domaines de cette industrie.

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