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Les vagues de chaleur, devancées avant qu’elles ne nuisent.

La chaleur tue plus que la plupart des autres aléas météorologiques, surtout les personnes âgées, les malades et ceux qui vivent dans des logements surchauffés. La chaleur mesurée là où vivent les personnes vulnérables, dans les rues, les logements et les maisons de retraite, et croisée avec les prévisions, permet aux services de santé d’alerter, de prendre des nouvelles et d’ouvrir des lieux frais avant le pic.

Industrie

Santé

Mesures

4

Sources citées

4

1. Santé · Chaleur et santé

   A silent killer

   Heat kills more people than most other weather hazards, mostly the old, the ill and those living in hot homes, and most deaths happen indoors. Official stations sit at airports and parks, far from the hottest streets and rooms. Health services need heat measured where people at risk live.

2. Ce qui est mesuré

   Streets, homes and care homes

   Stations in hot streets and squares measure temperature, humidity, wind and radiant heat for the heat stress index. With consent, sensors in care homes and the homes of people at risk measure indoor temperature, and a reference station anchors the network to official records.

   Instruments

   Street heat stations · Indoor sensors · Reference station

3. Le nœud de base

   Where to act first

   The node computes the heat stress index for each street, tracks indoor temperatures against the action plan’s thresholds, combines both with the forecast and tells health services which streets and care homes need them first. Nothing is lost when a link drops; the node keeps it.

4. Radio et liaisons

   Across the city

   Street and indoor sensors reach gateways on rooftops across the city over a low-power link, without wiring homes or streets. Gateways and the node send data over cellular to health services, the city and the weather service. Each link is chosen for the place, not from a catalogue.

   Liaisons

   LoRaWAN · Réseau mobile public

5. Comment ça marche

   From a hot night to a cooled care home

   During a heatwave a care home’s bedrooms stay hot through the night. The node alerts the community health team at dawn; staff move residents to a cooled room, increase fluids and call the doctor for the most frail, and the action is recorded for the summer review.

6. De la commande à l’exploitation · Commande

   Scope with the action plan

   The scope reads the heat-health action plan, the populations at risk, care homes, existing stations and the warning arrangements. Nexus Observatory Inc. returns the sensor plan, warning integration, privacy design and a price per city and per year. Every assumption in the scope is written down and priced.

   Planifier un déploiement

7. De la commande à l’exploitation · Relevé

   Survey hot streets and homes

   Crews and health staff map hot streets, squares and housing, choose sites for street stations and agree with care homes and residents where indoor sensors go. Findings are recorded with photographs. Every finding is kept with the site record for the crews who follow.

8. De la commande à l’exploitation · Autorisations

   Consent and privacy

   Indoor sensors are installed only with the consent of residents or care homes, data protection is agreed with the health service, and street stations are approved by the city. Every consent is kept with the record. Approvals are tracked site by site, so nothing waits unseen.

9. De la commande à l’exploitation · Fabrication

   Build and calibrate

   Street stations and indoor sensors are calibrated against references, radios paired, gateways and the node configured with the action plan thresholds and enrolled with their identities. Test results travel with the kit to the site. Nothing ships until the whole kit has passed its tests together.

   Ouvrir le configurateur de stations

10. De la commande à l’exploitation · Installation

    Installer avant l’été

    Crews install street stations on poles, indoor sensors in agreed rooms, gateways on rooftops and the node, all before the heat season. Every point is photographed and recorded. The site record is updated before the crew leaves. Crews follow the site safety plan throughout the work.

11. De la commande à l’exploitation · Mise en service

    Commission with an exercise

    Chaque nœud prouve son identité. Readings are compared with the reference station, thresholds are tested with a heat-health exercise, and alerts reach health services and care homes. Results are signed and kept with the site record. Acceptance is recorded with the owner before handover.

12. De la commande à l’exploitation · Exploitation

    Act before the peak

    Health services see heat stress by street and indoor temperatures by care home. Warnings trigger calls to people at risk, cooling in care homes and open cool spaces, and every action is recorded. Reports for owners and funders come from the same record.

13. De la commande à l’exploitation · Maintenance

    Review every summer

    After each summer, thresholds and actions are reviewed with health outcomes, sensors are checked and recalibrated, batteries replaced and software updated in rings. Every change is kept with the record. Spares and procedures travel with the crews. Maintenance history stays with each site for its whole life.

    Réserver des services sur le terrain

14. Produits de données

    For health services and cities

    City and health planners receive heat stress by street; care homes and community health teams receive indoor temperature alerts; health services receive heat-health warnings with local detail; public health authorities receive summer reviews, each tied to place and time. Each product carries its site, time and quality flags.

    Voir les produits de données

15. Preuves

    Warnings built on guidance

    Warnings follow the joint WMO and WHO guidance on heat-health warning systems, actions follow the heat-health action plan, heat stress uses the international index and the reference station follows the WMO guide. Every alert and action is kept for the summer review.

    Référentiels

    WMO-No. 1142 · Heat-Health Action Plans · ISO 7243 · WMO-No. 8

16. Ce que vous obtenez

    Surveillance de l’exposition environnementale pour les programmes de santé

    Mesures de l’exposition à la chaleur, à l’air et à l’eau autour des établissements et des collectivités; aucun diagnostic ni traitement. Fourni sous forme de service géré et licence de données, pour health authorities, hospital networks, employers. Scale: City to national. Service levels are written as numbers you can measure on your own dashboard.

    Parler aux ventes

17. Étape suivante

    Planifier avec nous : chaleur et santé

    Tell us the site, the measurements and the rules it answers to. We reply with a survey proposal, a design and a scope for heat and health. An engineer replies with a survey proposal and a scope, and the plan grows from one site to the network you need, at your pace.

    Planifier un déploiementOuvrir le configurateur de stationsOuvrir le Studio

01Le lieu et ses dangers

Où il fonctionne, et ce qui peut mal tourner.

Operating contextHeat-health warning systems are designed with the joint WMO and WHO guidance, cities and health services prepare heat-health action plans, and heat stress is assessed with the international index. Official stations sit at airports and parks, not in the hot streets and rooms where people suffer.

Dangers

• Heatwaves that kill older and ill people at home
• Urban heat islands far hotter than official stations
• Care homes overheating at night
• Warnings that do not reach the people at risk
• No local evidence of where heat is worst

02Ce qu’il faut mesurer

Quoi, où, à quelle fréquence, et selon quelles règles.

Chaque mesure indique où elle est prise, à quelle fréquence, et la norme ou la réglementation publique qui la fonde. Les numéros de la colonne des sources ouvrent la source citée plus bas.

03La pile d’observation

D’un module de base à un réseau.

Les mêmes briques à chaque échelle : des instruments et un nœud de base, un site avec sa radio, une flotte exploitée comme un tout, et un réseau fédéré sur le protocole ouvert.

1. 01

   Unité de base

   A sensor: a street heat station or an indoor sensor on a low-power radio.

   Build a station →
2. 02

   Site

   A city: street stations, indoor sensors, gateways and a node, with a reference station.

   Plan a site →
3. 03

   Parc

   Many cities of a region on one heat-health view, joined with the weather service.

   Managed offers →
4. 04

   Réseau

   Health services, cities and weather services share heat records through open standards.

   The open protocol →

• 01Station météo compacte
• 02Station météorologique automatique (classe OMM)
• 03Terminal LPWAN
• 04Passerelle LoRaWAN
• 05Micronœud (Nano)
• 06Modem/routeur cellulaire
• 07Poteau

Radio et liaisons

LoRaWAN

Street and indoor sensors reach gateways across the city over a low-power link.

Radio et liaisons

Réseau mobile public

Gateways and the node send data over cellular.

Edge computeThe node computes the heat stress index for each street, tracks indoor temperatures against thresholds in the action plan, combines them with the forecast and tells health services where to act first.

PowerStreet stations run on small solar panels; indoor sensors run on batteries for years.

04Comment ça marche

De l’instrument au produit.

Le parcours d’une observation, niveau par niveau, avec l’interface de chaque liaison et une nomenclature en dessous ; puis comment ce nœud devient un site, une flotte et des réseaux fédérés.

05De la commande à l’exploitation

Chaque étape, du premier appel à un site en service.

La même équipe et le même dossier portent le travail, du cadrage à la maintenance.

1. 01 Order

   Scope with the action plan

   The scope reads the heat-health action plan, the populations at risk, care homes, existing stations and the warning arrangements. Nexus Observatory Inc. returns the sensor plan, warning integration, privacy design and a price per city and per year. Every assumption in the scope is written down and priced. 3

2. 02 Survey

   Survey hot streets and homes

   Crews and health staff map hot streets, squares and housing, choose sites for street stations and agree with care homes and residents where indoor sensors go. Findings are recorded with photographs. Every finding is kept with the site record for the crews who follow. 4

3. 03 Permits

   Consent and privacy

   Indoor sensors are installed only with the consent of residents or care homes, data protection is agreed with the health service, and street stations are approved by the city. Every consent is kept with the record. Approvals are tracked site by site, so nothing waits unseen.

4. 04 Build

   Build and calibrate

   Street stations and indoor sensors are calibrated against references, radios paired, gateways and the node configured with the action plan thresholds and enrolled with their identities. Test results travel with the kit to the site. Nothing ships until the whole kit has passed its tests together.

5. 05 Install

   Installer avant l’été

   Crews install street stations on poles, indoor sensors in agreed rooms, gateways on rooftops and the node, all before the heat season. Every point is photographed and recorded. The site record is updated before the crew leaves. Crews follow the site safety plan throughout the work.

6. 06 Commission

   Commission with an exercise

   Chaque nœud prouve son identité. Readings are compared with the reference station, thresholds are tested with a heat-health exercise, and alerts reach health services and care homes. Results are signed and kept with the site record. Acceptance is recorded with the owner before handover. 1

7. 07 Operate

   Act before the peak

   Health services see heat stress by street and indoor temperatures by care home. Warnings trigger calls to people at risk, cooling in care homes and open cool spaces, and every action is recorded. Reports for owners and funders come from the same record. 3

8. 08 Maintain

   Review every summer

   After each summer, thresholds and actions are reviewed with health outcomes, sensors are checked and recalibrated, batteries replaced and software updated in rings. Every change is kept with the record. Spares and procedures travel with the crews. Maintenance history stays with each site for its whole life.

06Produits de données et intégration

Ce qu’il fournit, à qui, et dans quels systèmes.

Produits de données

• Heat stress by streetCity and health planners
• Indoor temperature alertsCare homes and community health teams
• Heat-health warnings with local detailHealth services
• Summer reviewsPublic health authorities

Intégration

• Weather serviceLocal heat data join the heat-health warning system.
• Health servicesAlerts reach community health teams.
• City planningHeat maps support cooling and greening plans.

Exchanged through OGC SensorThings API, CAP 1.2, MQTT.

07Questions des acheteurs

Avant de cadrer votre projet.

Do you monitor people?

No. Indoor sensors measure rooms, with consent.

Why not use official stations?

They sit in cooler places than where people suffer.

Who acts on alerts?

Health services and care homes, under their action plan.

Can it guide tree planting?

Yes, street heat maps show where cooling matters most.

08Ressources

Les sources de cette page.

Normes, réglementations et lignes directrices publiques, citées là où elles s’appliquent. Chacune ne s’applique que dans sa juridiction ou son champ.

1. 1WMO-No. 1142: Heatwaves and Health: Guidance on Warning-System DevelopmentWorld Meteorological Organization and World Health Organization · 2015
2. 2ISO 7243: Ergonomics of the thermal environment, assessment of heat stress using the WBGT indexInternational Organization for Standardization · 2017
3. 3Heat-Health Action Plans: guidanceWorld Health Organization Regional Office for Europe · 2008
4. 4WMO-No. 8: Guide to Instruments and Methods of ObservationWorld Meteorological Organization

09Voir aussi

Cas d’usage et solutions.

10Santé : domaines spécialisés

Les autres domaines de cette industrie.

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