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Energy: the grid edge observed: country by country.

Nexus Observatory

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Energy

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Countries
Energy, country by country.

Country notes for this industry: the regulators and the spectrum routes, from records that carry their sources.

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01Country notes

Countries with a full record.

Each record carries the regulators, the spectrum route for a private network and siting, with the source of every field.

AR

Argentina

ENACOM manages the radio spectrum and approves radio equipment.
AU

Australia

.
BR

Brazil

Anatel authorises radio-frequency use.
CA

Canada

A radio licence is required unless the device class is licence-exempt.
CN

People’s Republic of China

MIIT manages radio spectrum.
FR

France

Arcep assigns frequencies to local professional mobile networks through standing windows: 2575–2615 MHz (since 2019) and 3.8–4.2 GHz (since December 2025, up to 100 MHz per applicant, up to ten years).
DE

Germany

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IN

India

The Department of Telecommunications licenses spectrum and exempts bands by Gazette rules: 865–868 MHz for short-range devices (2021) and 5925–6425 MHz for low-power Wi-Fi (2026).
ID

Indonesia

The Ministry of Communication and Digital Affairs manages spectrum; low-power devices use class-licensed bands under a 2023 ministerial regulation.
IT

Italy

The ministry for enterprises (MIMIT) manages spectrum and AGCOM regulates electronic communications.
JP

Japan

MIC licenses radio stations.
KR

South Korea

MSIT assigns spectrum.
MX

Mexico

The Telecommunications and Broadcasting Law of 16 July 2025 replaced the former regulator with the Telecommunications Regulatory Commission (CRT), attached to the Digital Transformation and Telecommunications Agency.
RU

Russian Federation

Radio-frequency bands are allocated by the State Commission for Radio Frequencies; Roskomnadzor supervises communications and personal data.
SA

Saudi Arabia

The Communications, Space and Technology Commission manages spectrum and licenses specialised radio networks; it opened the full 6 GHz band (1200 MHz) for licence-exempt Wi-Fi in 2021.
ZA

South Africa

ICASA manages spectrum and licensing.
TR

Türkiye

The Information and Communication Technologies Authority (BTK) manages spectrum under Electronic Communications Law 5809; low-power short-range devices follow a 2012 BTK regulation.
GB

United Kingdom

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US

United States of America

Spectrum use follows Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

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Energy, country by country.

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