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Edge data centres

Edge data centres, measured to the standard.

Edge and regional data centres sit in containers, rooms and buildings close to users, often unattended. Power, cooling, air, leak and vibration sensors report to one record behind a security gateway, so operators keep equipment in its envelope, find faults early and report efficiency on the standard indicators.

Plan a deploymentHow it worksStation Builder
Industry
Telecom
Measurements
5
Sources cited
4
  1. Telecom · Edge data centres

    Nobody is in the room

    An edge data centre sits in a container or a small room close to the people it serves, and nobody works there. A cooling unit fails at night, a pipe leaks under a raised floor, a generator will not start. Knowing every rack’s air and every unit’s state lets operators act before customers notice.

  2. What is measured

    Power, air, cooling, leaks and vibration

    Meters read incomers, UPS, distribution and IT loads. Sensors at rack inlets read temperature and humidity, flow and temperature sensors follow the coolant, leak cables lie under cooling units and pipework, and vibration sensors watch chillers and generators for developing faults.

    Instruments
    Power meters · Rack inlet sensors · Coolant flow · Leak cables · Vibration sensors
  3. The base node

    Faults predicted, data guarded

    The site node predicts rack inlet temperatures from trends and keeps every rack inside its envelope, detects cooling and power faults early and raises leak alarms at once. It computes efficiency indicators, and everything leaves only through the security gateway.

  4. Radio and links

    A secured path on the site’s fibre

    Edge sites are on fibre for their own traffic, and monitoring rides a separate, secured path on it. An out-of-band cellular path reports when the fibre is down, and battery leak and temperature sensors are added over LoRaWAN without cabling in live rooms.

    Links
    Fibre · Public cellular · LoRaWAN
  5. How it works

    From a failing fan to a planned repair

    A cooling unit’s fan starts to vibrate and its supply air warms slightly. The node sees the trend, predicts rack inlets will leave their envelope within hours and alerts operations. A crew replaces the fan in a planned visit, before any rack overheats, and the record keeps it.

  6. From order to operation · Order

    Scope the sites and the indicators

    The scope reads the site designs, power and cooling systems, existing building management, service commitments and the efficiency indicators to report. Nexus Observatory Inc. returns the point plan per site type, the security design, the integration with operations and a price per site and per year.

    Plan a deployment
  7. From order to operation · Survey

    Survey a live site

    Crews survey a live site of each type with the operator: incomers, UPS and distribution, rack rows, cooling units and pipework, generators and network points. They record existing meters and controls and plan work that never touches live loads. Every finding is photographed.

  8. From order to operation · Permits

    Change control and security

    Every change follows the operator’s change control and access rules. The network design follows the operator’s security policy, with the monitoring network separated from customers’ traffic, and every approval is kept with the site record. Engineers are escorted and logged on every visit, as the site rules require.

  9. From order to operation · Build

    Build and test off site

    Meters, sensors, gateways, nodes and the security gateway are built and tested together off site, configured with the site’s systems and thermal envelopes and enrolled with their identities. Each part is labelled with its rack, unit or panel. Spares are kept for quick swaps.

    Open the Station Builder
  10. From order to operation · Install

    Install without touching the load

    Crews install in agreed windows: clamp-on meters, rack inlet sensors, flow sensors on coolant pipes, leak cables under cooling units and vibration sensors on chillers and generators. Nothing interrupts the load, and every point is photographed and located. Cables follow existing trays.

  11. From order to operation · Commission

    Test a cooling failure

    Each device proves its identity behind the security gateway. Meters are checked against the electrical system, sensors against references, and a planned cooling unit stop tests the thermal alarms. Leak alarms are tested with water on the cable. Results are kept with the site record.

  12. From order to operation · Operate

    Keep every rack in its envelope

    Operators see power, cooling and every rack’s inlet against its envelope, with faults predicted before alarms. Leaks raise alarms at once, field crews are sent with the evidence, and efficiency indicators are reported monthly to customers and management. Every alarm is kept on the record.

  13. From order to operation · Maintain

    Maintain with the plant

    Sensors are checked during planned plant maintenance, meters verified, and baselines updated when equipment changes. Software updates reach the monitoring fleet in rings with rollback, and every change goes through change control and is recorded with the site. Spares are kept on site.

    Book field services
  14. Data products

    For operations, engineers and customers

    Operations teams receive rack thermal compliance; facilities engineers receive power and cooling fault predictions; operations and field crews receive leak alarms; management and customers receive efficiency indicators. Each product carries its calibration and the site’s configuration. Reports are dated, versioned and kept with the site.

    See the data products
  15. Evidence

    Facilities to the standard

    Every reading, alarm and change is signed and kept. Facilities follow the European data centre infrastructure standard, thermal envelopes follow the recognised guidelines, efficiency follows the international indicator standard, and security supports the cybersecurity duties of essential digital services. Records are open to audit.

    Drawn against
    EN 50600 · ISO/IEC 30134 · ASHRAE thermal guidelines · Directive (EU) 2022/2555
  16. What you get

    Modular edge data centre (AI tower in a box)

    A containerised edge data centre at the foot of a tower: GPU nodes, power, cooling and attestation, run as a service. Delivered as hardware + software and managed service, for carriers, utilities, governments, industrial sites. Scale: Regional edge capacity. Service levels are written as numbers you can measure on your own dashboard.

    Talk to sales
  17. Next step

    Plan edge data centres with us

    Tell us the site, the measurements and the rules it answers to. We reply with a survey proposal, a design and a scope for edge data centres. An engineer replies with a survey proposal and a scope, and the plan grows from one site to the network you need, at your pace.

    Plan a deploymentOpen the Station BuilderOpen the Studio

01The place and its hazards

Where it runs, and what can go wrong.

Operating contextEdge data centres bring compute close to users and devices, in places with no staff on site. Facilities are designed and operated to data centre infrastructure standards, equipment has recommended thermal envelopes, efficiency is reported on standard indicators, and operators of essential digital services carry cybersecurity duties.

Hazards

  • Cooling failure overheating equipment
  • Power failures and generator problems
  • Water leaks from cooling
  • Unattended sites with slow response
  • Monitoring itself opening a path for attackers

02What must be measured

What, where, how often, and under which rules.

Each measurement names where it is taken, how often, and the public standard or regulation behind it. Numbers in the sources column open the cited source below.

MeasurementWhereCadenceSources
Power and energyIncomers, UPS, distribution and IT loadsContinuous12
Inlet temperature and humidityRack inlets and room or container airContinuous31
Cooling performanceCoolant flows and temperatures, cooling unitsContinuous1
Leaks and vibrationUnder cooling units and pipework; chillers and generatorsContinuous1
Efficiency indicatorsEach site, computed from its metersContinuous, reported monthly and yearly2

03The observation stack

From one base unit to a network.

The same blocks at every scale: instruments and a base node, a site with its radio, a fleet run as one, and a network federated on the open protocol.

  1. 01

    Base unit

    A site point: meters and environmental sensors on an industrial gateway with an edge node.

    Build a station →
  2. 02

    Site

    An edge data centre: every meter, rack and cooling unit behind a security gateway with fibre home.

    Plan a site →
  3. 03

    Fleet

    Every edge site of an operator run as one fleet, with one record.

    Managed offers →
  4. 04

    Network

    Operators and their customers exchange service and efficiency records through open standards.

    The open protocol →
  • 01Energy and power-quality meter
  • 02Air quality monitor
  • 03Flow meter
  • 04Vibration and condition monitor
  • 05OT gateway (OPC UA, Modbus)
  • 06Edge node (Wedge)
  • 07Zero-trust gateway
  • 08Fibre terminal

Radio and links

Fibre

Edge sites are on fibre for their own traffic; monitoring rides a separate, secured path on it.

Radio and links

Public cellular

An out-of-band path reports when the site’s fibre is down.

Radio and links

LoRaWAN

Battery leak and temperature sensors are added without new cabling in live rooms.

Edge computeThe site node keeps every rack inside its thermal envelope with predictions from inlet trends, detects cooling and power faults early, raises leak alarms at once and computes efficiency indicators, with all data leaving only through the security gateway.

PowerMonitoring runs from the site’s protected supply with its own battery, so it reports through a power failure.

04How it works

From the instrument to the product.

One observation’s path, tier by tier, with the interface on every link and a bill of materials below; then how the one node grows to a site, a fleet and federated networks.

Edge data centres: data path

– of 08

01 Instruments Measurement with sensor identity andcalibration 02 Gateway 03 Node – Wrap in an observation envelope with timequality– Measure quality and uncertainty, attachquality flags– Buffer locally (store-and-forward when thelink drops) 04 Local network 05 Backhaul Commit with transactional outbox andpublish, delivered at least once 06 Site Consumer inbox deduplicates and applieseach record once into governed data 07 Data store Governed product through API, map orexport, correction-aware 08 Products EN 50600ISO/IEC 30134OPC UA 01 Energy and power-quality meter SDI-12 · RS-485 · Ethernet 02 Air quality monitor SDI-12 · RS-485 · Ethernet 03 Flow meter SDI-12 · RS-485 · Ethernet 04 Vibration and condition monitor Analogue I/O · RS-485 · Ethernet 05 OT gateway (OPC UA, Modbus) Ethernet · RS-485 · CAN · AnalogueI/O 06 Edge node (Wedge) Ethernet · Fibre · USB · RS-485 ·BMC 07 Zero-trust gateway Ethernet · Fibre 08 Fibre terminal Fibre · Ethernet Site MQTT 5 with Sparkplug B Governed data store Versioned, correction-aware Rack thermal compliance Power and cooling fault predictions Leak alarms Efficiency indicators RS-485 · Modbus RS-485 · Modbus RS-485 · Modbus RS-485 · Modbus Ethernet · opc-ua Ethernet Fibre Fibre
From the instrument to the published product: each band is a tier, each connector names its interface, and the numbers match the bill of materials. Hover or focus a block to trace its path; scroll or step to follow one observation.
Bill of materials
ItemEquipmentData portsProtocolsPower in
01Energy and power-quality meterMeter for voltage, current, power, energy and power quality at a site or on a feeder.SDI-12RS-485EthernetModbus, IEC 61850 (MMS, GOOSE), DNP3 (IEEE 1815), MQTT 512 V DC
02Air quality monitorParticulate and gas monitor (PM, NO2, O3, CO, SO2) for outdoor or indoor air.SDI-12RS-485EthernetSDI-12, Modbus, MQTT 5, OGC SensorThings API12 V DC
03Flow meterOpen-channel or pipe flow meter (Doppler, ultrasonic, electromagnetic).SDI-12RS-485EthernetSDI-12, Modbus, MQTT 5, OGC SensorThings API12 V DC
04Vibration and condition monitorAccelerometer-based vibration and temperature sensor for rotating machinery and structural condition monitoring.Analogue I/ORS-485EthernetModbus, OPC UA, MQTT 512 V DC
05OT gateway (OPC UA, Modbus)Read-only bridge from industrial fieldbuses and controllers (Modbus, OPC UA, DNP3, IEC 61850, CAN) to the site network, behind a security boundary.EthernetRS-485CANAnalogue I/OOPC UA, Modbus, DNP3 (IEEE 1815), IEC 61850 (MMS, GOOSE), MQTT 524 V DC
06Edge node (Wedge)Rugged edge node that boots from signed media, attests itself and establishes a site cell from little or no infrastructure.EthernetFibreUSBRS-485BMCMQTT 5, DMTF Redfish, IEEE 1588 PTP, NTP with NTS, OPC UA12 V DC, 24 V DC, 48 V DC, AC mains
07Zero-trust gatewayGateway that terminates encrypted tunnels, enforces segmentation and gates every flow by identity and policy.EthernetFibre—12 V DC, AC mains
08Fibre terminalOptical network terminal or media converter that lands fibre backhaul at a site.FibreEthernetIEEE 1588 PTP12 V DC, 48 V DC, AC mains

How it scales

01 Instruments Arbitrary qualified sensors and instruments whosemeasurements are ingested with calibration, units,geometry, time, custody and uncertainty. ×n 02 Node The minimum useful deployable unit: server, ruggedappliance, radio node, sensor gateway, satelliteterminal, AI, scientific, vehicle or virtual node. Node Node agent 03 Site The minimum independently operable localgovernance and failure domain: one or more nodesplus local network, identity, policy, evidence,storage, products and operator surfaces.

SITE

Node Node Node ×n 04 Cluster An optional scale or specialisation domain forscheduling, shared storage, accelerators or datalocality.

CLUSTER

×n 05 Fleet Coordinates plans, acknowledgements,convergence evidence, update campaigns andcorrection propagation across nodes and sites.

FLEET

Fleet controller ×n 06 Federation An exchange of products, capabilities, events orwork across approved, independently administeredtrust domains, using explicit trust, policy,data-locality, version and correction contracts.

TRUST DOMAIN

TRUST DOMAIN

TRUST DOMAIN

×n Verifier Applications Data in the field Telemetry Control Data upstream Control Data upstream Control Exchange Evidence Events Exchange
The smallest deployable unit is one node; the same unit is replicated to meet the demand. Nodes form a site, sites may form a cluster, sites and clusters are coordinated as a fleet, and fleets exchange across independently administered trust domains. Each plane is a separate channel with its own open binding.
Data in the field
MQTT 5 with Sparkplug B; connectors for LoRaWAN, OPC UA and instrument buses.
Telemetry
OpenTelemetry OTLP.
Control
TLS 1.3 with mutual authentication; protobuf messages over gRPC or HTTP/2.
Data upstream
At-least-once publication with repeat-safe keys over the control channel or NATS JetStream; QUIC MAY be used on lossy links.
Evidence
DSSE-signed in-toto statements; SLSA provenance; SCITT transparency receipts.
Events
Event envelopes mapped to CloudEvents 1.0; channels described in AsyncAPI 3.
Exchange
OpenAPI 3.1; the OGC API family; SensorThings; STAC; WIS 2.0.

05From order to operation

Every step, from the first call to a running site.

The same crew and the same record carry the work from scope to maintenance.

  1. 01 Order

    Scope the sites and the indicators

    The scope reads the site designs, power and cooling systems, existing building management, service commitments and the efficiency indicators to report. Nexus Observatory Inc. returns the point plan per site type, the security design, the integration with operations and a price per site and per year. 12

  2. 02 Survey

    Survey a live site

    Crews survey a live site of each type with the operator: incomers, UPS and distribution, rack rows, cooling units and pipework, generators and network points. They record existing meters and controls and plan work that never touches live loads. Every finding is photographed.

  3. 03 Permits

    Change control and security

    Every change follows the operator’s change control and access rules. The network design follows the operator’s security policy, with the monitoring network separated from customers’ traffic, and every approval is kept with the site record. Engineers are escorted and logged on every visit, as the site rules require. 4

  4. 04 Build

    Build and test off site

    Meters, sensors, gateways, nodes and the security gateway are built and tested together off site, configured with the site’s systems and thermal envelopes and enrolled with their identities. Each part is labelled with its rack, unit or panel. Spares are kept for quick swaps.

  5. 05 Install

    Install without touching the load

    Crews install in agreed windows: clamp-on meters, rack inlet sensors, flow sensors on coolant pipes, leak cables under cooling units and vibration sensors on chillers and generators. Nothing interrupts the load, and every point is photographed and located. Cables follow existing trays.

  6. 06 Commission

    Test a cooling failure

    Each device proves its identity behind the security gateway. Meters are checked against the electrical system, sensors against references, and a planned cooling unit stop tests the thermal alarms. Leak alarms are tested with water on the cable. Results are kept with the site record.

  7. 07 Operate

    Keep every rack in its envelope

    Operators see power, cooling and every rack’s inlet against its envelope, with faults predicted before alarms. Leaks raise alarms at once, field crews are sent with the evidence, and efficiency indicators are reported monthly to customers and management. Every alarm is kept on the record. 32

  8. 08 Maintain

    Maintain with the plant

    Sensors are checked during planned plant maintenance, meters verified, and baselines updated when equipment changes. Software updates reach the monitoring fleet in rings with rollback, and every change goes through change control and is recorded with the site. Spares are kept on site.

06Data products and integration

What it delivers, to whom, and into which systems.

Data products

  • Rack thermal complianceOperations teams
  • Power and cooling fault predictionsFacilities engineers
  • Leak alarmsOperations and field crews
  • Efficiency indicatorsManagement and customers

Integration

  • Building and power managementReadings are taken from existing systems over Modbus or OPC UA, read-only.
  • Data centre infrastructure managementData and alarms are delivered to the operator’s management system.
  • Customer reportingService and efficiency indicators are exported to customer reports.

Exchanged through EN 50600, ISO/IEC 30134, OPC UA.

07Questions buyers ask

Before you scope it.

Will it interrupt our load?

No. Meters clamp on and work happens in agreed windows under change control.

Is it secure?

All data leaves through a security gateway on a network separated from customer traffic.

Which efficiency indicators?

Those of the international data centre indicator standard.

Does it work unattended?

Yes. It is built for sites with no one on them.

08Resources

The sources behind this page.

Public standards, regulations and guidance, cited where they apply. Each applies only where its jurisdiction or scope does.

  1. 1EN 50600: Information technology, data centre facilities and infrastructuresEuropean Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
  2. 2ISO/IEC 30134: Data centres, key performance indicatorsInternational Organization for Standardization
  3. 3Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing EnvironmentsASHRAE
  4. 4Directive (EU) 2022/2555 on a high common level of cybersecurity across the Union (NIS2)European Union · 2022

09Related

Use cases and solutions.

Solution

Modular edge data centre (AI tower in a box)

A containerised edge data centre at the foot of a tower: GPU nodes, power, cooling and attestation, run as a service.Solutions for telecom →
Solution

Operational-technology assurance for observing sites

Identity, attestation, segmentation and monitoring for instruments and edge nodes, with evidence for audits.Solutions for telecom →
Solution

Microgrids and off-grid site power

PV, storage and generator sizing for instruments and edge sites, with telemetry and remote control.Solutions for telecom →

10Telecom: specialized fields

Other fields of this industry.

Specialized field

Mobile network sites

Power and batteries, shelter climate, tower movement, intrusion and site weather at every mobile site, with an out-of-band path that reports when the site itself is down.The full field →
Specialized field

Fibre networks and outside plant

Distributed fibre sensing along routes, flooding and gas in chambers, and cabinet access and climate, on LoRaWAN and the fibre itself, so dig-ins and faults are found before the cable is cut.The full field →
Specialized field

Satellite ground stations

Rain, wind and lightning at the antennas, antenna drive condition, timing and site security at satellite ground stations, on the site’s fibre, so passes are planned around the weather and faults are caught between passes.The full field →
Specialized field

Spectrum monitoring and interference

Fixed and mobile receivers that measure occupancy, find interference and locate its source by direction finding and time difference, with GNSS timing, so regulators and operators clear the bands they depend on.The full field →

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