Radar, lidar and microwave sensors.

Technologies

• Synthetic aperture radar by band (P, L, S, C, X, Ku, Ka) All-weather, day-night imaging; longer bands penetrate vegetation and dry soil, shorter bands resolve detail.
• Interferometric SAR (InSAR) Phase differences between passes that measure ground and structure motion to millimetres, plus elevation.
• Polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) Full or dual polarisation scattering for crop type, flooded vegetation, sea ice and biomass.
• Ocean radar backscatter and scatterometry Wind, waves, oil slicks, ships and sea ice from radar over water.
• Radar altimetry Height of sea, lake, river and ice surfaces along the ground track for water level and ice monitoring.
• Lidar (airborne, drone and spaceborne) Laser ranging for bare-earth terrain, canopy height, structures and corridor clearance.
• Passive microwave radiometry Brightness temperature for soil moisture, sea surface temperature and salinity, snow and precipitation.
• GNSS radio occultation Bending of navigation signals through the atmosphere, giving temperature and humidity profiles for weather models.
• GNSS reflectometry Reflected navigation signals for ocean wind, soil moisture and flood extent from low-cost receivers.
• Atmospheric sounders and composition instruments Infrared and microwave sounders and spectrometers for temperature, humidity, aerosols and trace gases.