--- title: "Licensing and spectrum: Space and | Nexus Observatory" description: "Licensing and spectrum, inside Space and satellite systems: earth station licensing and coordination, NGSO–GSO interference analysis…" url: https://observatory.global/space/licensing-and-spectrum/ publisher: Nexus Observatory Inc. updated: 2026-10-29 --- [Nexus Observatory](https://observatory.global/) / [Space and satellite systems](https://observatory.global/space/) / **Licensing and spectrum** # Filings, coordination and earth-station rules, by country. Licensing and spectrum, inside Space and satellite systems: earth station licensing and coordination, NGSO–GSO interference analysis, propagation modelling, interference detection and geolocation and more. Every item is traced to its specification, from ITU RR Appendix 7 to ISED Canada earth station licensing, and runs on the open Observatory Protocol. [Plan with us](https://observatory.global/contact/) Architecture [The protocol](https://observatory.global/protocol/specification/) **Technologies**: 9 **At the frontier**: 1 **Protocol functions**: 5 of 8 **Industries served**: 10 Reference design, drawn to scale · drag to turn · hover a part **01** What it is ## Earth station spectrum coordination and interference. Everything on the ground that talks to spacecraft: gateways and teleports, user terminals, modems and software-defined radio, shared antenna networks, CCSDS protocol stacks, mission control, data processing and the spectrum coordination behind each earth station. The space segment end to end: orbits and constellations, spacecraft buses, communications and Earth observation payloads, inter-satellite links, tracking and command, space safety, launch, and the licensing and filings that let a system operate over a site. Each technology below carries what it is, what we do with it, and the standard it is drawn against. Ground segment ### Earth station licensing and coordination Licences and coordination with terrestrial users around each earth station. We support. ITU RR Appendix 7 · ISED Canada earth station licensing Ground segment ### NGSO–GSO interference analysis EPFD and aggregate interference studies that show a non-geostationary system can share with GEO networks. We design and support. ITU RR Art. 22 · Rec. ITU-R S.1503 Ground segment ### Propagation modelling Rain, gas, cloud, scintillation and ionospheric models that set link budgets and availability. We design. Rec. ITU-R P.618 · Rec. ITU-R P.676 (gaseous attenuation) · Rec. ITU-R P.531 (ionospheric effects) Ground segment ### Interference detection and geolocation Finding and resolving interference using carrier ID, spectrum monitoring and standard reporting. We operate and support. ETSI TS 103 129 (DVB-CID) · ITU RR Art. 15 and Appendix 10 (interference reports) Ground segment ### Cross-border coordination Coordination of earth stations and terrestrial systems near national borders. We support. ITU RR Art. 9 · ISED Canada–US coordination arrangements Ground segment ### Protection of radio astronomy and science services Siting and emission limits that protect passive science bands near sensitive observatories. We design and support. Rec. ITU-R RA.769 (radio astronomy protection criteria) **Frontier** · Ground segment ### Satellite and terrestrial spectrum sharing Studies and tools for satellite services sharing mobile bands, including direct-to-device. We design and support. ITU WRC-27 agenda item 1.13 (Resolution 253 (WRC-23)) Satellite and space systems ### Launch and rideshare integration Manifesting, adapter interfaces, environment verification and deployment sequencing for primary and rideshare launches. We integrate and support. NASA GSFC-STD-7000 (GEVS) · ISO 17770 (cube satellites) Satellite and space systems ### ITU filings: advance publication, coordination, notification The filing sequence that secures international recognition of a satellite network's frequencies and orbit. We support. ITU RR Art. 9 and Art. 11 · ITU RR Appendix 4 (data for filings) **02** Architecture ## Where it sits, and what it speaks. Licensing and spectrum draws on 3 domains and 24 layers of the spectrum; the highlighted layers carry this area. It speaks 5 of the protocol's 8 core functions. Orbits and constellations 8 Spacecraft buses and platforms 9 Communications payloads, NTN and direct-to-device 9 Inter-satellite and space-to-ground links 7 Earth observation payload classes 10 Tracking, telemetry and command and space safety 9 Launch, licensing and regulation 8 Frontier and research 6 Gateways and teleports 8 User terminals 9 Baseband, modems and software-defined radio 8 Ground-station-as-a-service and antenna networks 7 CCSDS protocol stacks 9 Mission control and flight dynamics 7 Data downlink, processing and distribution 8 Earth station spectrum coordination and interference 7 01**Join** Identity, attestation quote, signed policy. 02**Admit** Admitted for a stated scope, nothing wider. 03**Describe** What, where, how and by whom, with calibration. 04**Time** One clock across the grid, with its error bound. 05**Observe** Every value with quality and provenance. 06**Qualify** Tested against the specification, state on record. 07**Federate** Signed exchange across grids and trust domains. 08**Orchestrate** Software and configuration by signed plan. **03** On the grid ## Every site joins one observing grid. The open networks on the grid today, over real relief and the geodesic cells we count them into, filtered to the space domain this area serves. A site built here enrols into the same grid. **04** In the field ## Where this runs, sector by sector. 6 deployment scenarios from the sector research that rely on licensing and spectrum. [Government and public safety Deployable communications and sensing for incident commandA cell on wheels with satellite backhaul, mesh telemetry and environment nodes at the incident base.](https://observatory.global/sectors/public-safety/) [Development and humanitarian School connectivity with a school observatorySatellite or fixed wireless, school Wi-Fi, an open connectivity probe and an optional station.](https://observatory.global/sectors/humanitarian/) [Development and humanitarian Displacement-site connectivity and sensingPoint-to-multipoint wireless, satellite backhaul, solar and water-point sensors with protection safeguards.](https://observatory.global/sectors/humanitarian/) [Scientific Ocean and coastal low-cost buoy arraysSatellite-backhauled wave buoys accepted in a national programme trial.](https://observatory.global/sectors/scientific/) [Transport Highway corridor mobile coverage for safetySmall cells and satellite backhaul along unserved roads.](https://observatory.global/sectors/transport/) [Government and public safety National GBON surface and upper-air networkWMO-grade stations reporting through WIS 2.0, funded through the systematic-observations financing pathway.](https://observatory.global/sectors/public-safety/) **05** Open and enterprise ## Open by default. Enterprise by contract. The open counterpart lives on the main site for anyone to read and run. The enterprise service is designed, deployed and operated with you, under contract. Open, on the main site - Orbit and pass methods - Payload class catalogue - Ground-station interfaces on the protocol Enterprise, on this site - Mission and payload integration - Tasking and downlink services - Non-terrestrial backhaul for remote sites **06** The rest of the line ## Space and satellite systems, area by area. [Space and satellite systems Constellations and orbitsLEO, MEO and GEO, sized to revisit and coverage.](https://observatory.global/space/constellations-and-orbits/) [Space and satellite systems Spacecraft and payloadsBuses and optical, radar and RF payload classes.](https://observatory.global/space/spacecraft-and-payloads/) [Space and satellite systems NTN and direct-to-device3GPP non-terrestrial networks, from orbit to handset.](https://observatory.global/space/ntn-and-direct-to-device/) [Space and satellite systems Tasking and downlinkRequest, schedule, receive and process: one chain.](https://observatory.global/space/tasking-and-downlink/) [Space and satellite systems Space safetyTracking, telemetry and command, conjunction awareness.](https://observatory.global/space/space-safety/) ## Bring us the site. Survey, design, deployment and operation for licensing and spectrum. The form names who receives your details. [Talk to us](https://observatory.global/contact/) [contact@observatory.global](mailto:contact@observatory.global?subject=Space%20and%20satellite%20systems%3A%20Licensing%20and%20spectrum) [Nexus Observatory](https://observatory.global/)**Space and satellite systems** . From orbit to the ground, on one protocol.[Talk to us](https://observatory.global/contact/) Space and satellite systems - [Constellations and orbits](https://observatory.global/space/constellations-and-orbits/) - [Spacecraft and payloads](https://observatory.global/space/spacecraft-and-payloads/) - [NTN and direct-to-device](https://observatory.global/space/ntn-and-direct-to-device/) - [Tasking and downlink](https://observatory.global/space/tasking-and-downlink/) - [Space safety](https://observatory.global/space/space-safety/) - [Licensing and spectrum](https://observatory.global/space/licensing-and-spectrum/) Technologies - [Orbits and constellations](https://observatory.global/technologies/satellite/orbits-and-constellations/) - [Spacecraft buses and platforms](https://observatory.global/technologies/satellite/spacecraft-buses-and-platforms/) - [Gateways and teleports](https://observatory.global/technologies/ground/gateways-and-teleports/) - [User terminals](https://observatory.global/technologies/ground/user-terminals/) - [Platforms and orbits](https://observatory.global/technologies/eo/platforms-and-orbits/) - [Optical, spectral and thermal sensors](https://observatory.global/technologies/eo/optical-spectral-and-thermal-sensors/) Industries - [Public safety](https://observatory.global/industries/public-safety/) - [Humanitarian](https://observatory.global/industries/humanitarian/) - [Climate](https://observatory.global/industries/climate/) - [Nature](https://observatory.global/industries/nature/) - [Oceans](https://observatory.global/industries/oceans/) - [Agriculture](https://observatory.global/industries/agriculture/) - [Telecom](https://observatory.global/industries/telecom/) Service platforms - [Observatory Protocol](https://observatory.global/protocol/) - [Protocol & Grid](https://observatory.global/grid-services/) - [Software](https://observatory.global/software/) - [Hardware & power](https://observatory.global/hardware/) - [Sensors & instruments](https://observatory.global/sensors/) - [Connectivity](https://observatory.global/connectivity/) - [Edge compute & AI](https://observatory.global/edge-ai/) © 2026 Nexus Observatory Inc. 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