--- title: "Private grids: Protocol & Grid | Nexus Observatory" description: "Private grids, inside Protocol & Grid: 5G system security, network product security assurance, open RAN security, 5G security reference practice and more." url: https://observatory.global/grid-services/private-grids/ publisher: Nexus Observatory Inc. updated: 2026-10-27 --- [Nexus Observatory](https://observatory.global/) / [Protocol & Grid](https://observatory.global/grid-services/) / **Private grids** # Your nodes, your authority, the open specification. Private grids, inside Protocol & Grid: 5G system security, network product security assurance, open RAN security, 5G security reference practice and more. Every item is traced to its specification, from 3GPP TS 33.501 (Rel-18) to 3GPP TS 33.117 (SCAS general requirements), and runs on the open Observatory Protocol. [Plan with us](https://observatory.global/contact/) Architecture [The protocol](https://observatory.global/protocol/specification/) **Technologies**: 9 **At the frontier**: 0 **Protocol functions**: 5 of 8 **Industries served**: 6 Reference design, drawn to scale · drag to turn · hover a part **01** What it is ## 5G and wireless security. How every node proves what it is and what it runs, how links and keys are protected, how software is traced to its source, how personal data is minimised, and how incidents are found and handled. Each technology below carries what it is, what we do with it, and the standard it is drawn against. Security, identity and trust ### 5G system security Authentication, key hierarchy, subscriber privacy and network domain security for 5G. We design, integrate and operate. 3GPP TS 33.501 (Rel-18) Security, identity and trust ### Network product security assurance Security test specifications and assessment schemes for 5G network functions. We design and integrate. 3GPP TS 33.117 (SCAS general requirements) · GSMA NESAS Security, identity and trust ### Open RAN security Security requirements for open fronthaul, near-real-time RIC and O-Cloud interfaces. We design and integrate. O-RAN WG11 security specifications Security, identity and trust ### 5G security reference practice Practical guidance for securing 5G deployments. We design. NIST SP 1800-33 (5G cybersecurity) Security, identity and trust ### LPWAN security Session keys, join servers and key provisioning for LoRaWAN and cellular IoT. We design, integrate and operate. LoRaWAN L2 1.0.4 (TS001-1.0.4) · LoRaWAN Backend Interfaces (TS002) Security, identity and trust ### RF jamming and rogue emitter detection Spectrum monitoring that flags jamming, rogue base stations and unauthorised links. We design, integrate and operate. ITU-R Handbook on Spectrum Monitoring Security, identity and trust ### Trusted Platform Module A hardware root of trust that holds keys, measures boot and signs attestation evidence. We design and integrate. TCG TPM 2.0 Library Specification · ISO/IEC 11889 Security, identity and trust ### DICE layered identity Device identity derived from each firmware layer for microcontrollers without a TPM. We design and integrate. TCG DICE Layering Architecture Security, identity and trust ### Secure device identifiers Factory-installed and locally significant device identities bound to hardware. We design and integrate. IEEE 802.1AR-2018 (IDevID, LDevID) **02** Architecture ## Where it sits, and what it speaks. Private grids draws on 1 domain and 8 layers of the spectrum; the highlighted layers carry this area. It speaks 5 of the protocol's 8 core functions. Device identity and attestation 8 PKI, secure boot and updates 7 Zero trust and network security 7 5G and wireless security 6 OT security and software supply chain 9 Privacy and data protection 7 Keys, cryptography and post-quantum migration 9 Monitoring, incident response and governance 8 01**Join** Identity, attestation quote, signed policy. 02**Admit** Admitted for a stated scope, nothing wider. 03**Describe** What, where, how and by whom, with calibration. 04**Time** One clock across the grid, with its error bound. 05**Observe** Every value with quality and provenance. 06**Qualify** Tested against the specification, state on record. 07**Federate** Signed exchange across grids and trust domains. 08**Orchestrate** Software and configuration by signed plan. **03** On the grid ## Every site joins one observing grid. The open networks on the grid today, over real relief and the geodesic cells we count them into. A site built here enrols into the same grid. **04** In the field ## Where this runs, sector by sector. 6 deployment scenarios from the sector research that rely on private grids. [Communities and rural Interim public-safety broadband where no national network existsPrivate LTE or 5G for fire and medical services in territories without a national public-safety network.](https://observatory.global/sectors/communities/) [Industrial Utility private LTE for the grid edgeDistribution automation, distributed-energy control and wildfire-risk weather on a dedicated band.](https://observatory.global/sectors/industrial/) [Sports and events Stadium neutral-host 5G with crowd and environment sensingA private operations slice beside the carriers' network, with heat, air and lightning sensing.](https://observatory.global/sectors/sports-events/) [Energy Utility grid-edge private LTESee industrial.](https://observatory.global/sectors/energy/) [Cities Municipal low-power radio or private 5G layerA city-wide connectivity layer as digital public infrastructure.](https://observatory.global/sectors/cities/) [Industrial Mine-wide private LTE or 5G with environmental sensingAutonomy communications plus dust, blast vibration, slope and tailings monitoring.](https://observatory.global/sectors/industrial/) **05** Open and enterprise ## Open by default. Enterprise by contract. The open counterpart lives on the main site for anyone to read and run. The enterprise service is designed, deployed and operated with you, under contract. Open, on the main site - Protocol specification - State machines and node roles - Conformance tool - Device class catalogue Enterprise, on this site - Private grid design and operation - Federation agreements - Provider qualification testing - Works-with programme **06** The rest of the line ## Protocol & Grid, area by area. [Protocol & Grid FederationSigned exchange across sites, owners and trust domains.](https://observatory.global/grid-services/federation/) [Protocol & Grid QualificationDevices and releases tested against the protocol, state on record.](https://observatory.global/grid-services/qualification/) [Protocol & Grid Provider admissionManifest, rights and security review, then admitted for scope.](https://observatory.global/grid-services/provider-admission/) [Protocol & Grid OrchestrationSoftware and configuration by signed plan, with rollback.](https://observatory.global/grid-services/orchestration/) ## Bring us the site. Survey, design, deployment and operation for private grids. The form names who receives your details. [Talk to us](https://observatory.global/contact/) [contact@observatory.global](mailto:contact@observatory.global?subject=Protocol%20%26%20Grid%3A%20Private%20grids) [Nexus Observatory](https://observatory.global/)**Protocol & Grid** . Your grid, on the open protocol.[Talk to us](https://observatory.global/contact/) Protocol & Grid - [Private grids](https://observatory.global/grid-services/private-grids/) - [Federation](https://observatory.global/grid-services/federation/) - [Qualification](https://observatory.global/grid-services/qualification/) - [Provider admission](https://observatory.global/grid-services/provider-admission/) - [Orchestration](https://observatory.global/grid-services/orchestration/) Technologies - [Device identity and attestation](https://observatory.global/technologies/security/device-identity-and-attestation/) - [PKI, secure boot and updates](https://observatory.global/technologies/security/pki-secure-boot-and-updates/) Industries - [Public safety](https://observatory.global/sectors/public-safety/) - [Government](https://observatory.global/industries/) - [Civil resilience](https://observatory.global/industries/) - [Humanitarian](https://observatory.global/sectors/humanitarian/) - [Industry](https://observatory.global/industries/) - [Research](https://observatory.global/industries/) Service platforms - [Observatory Protocol](https://observatory.global/protocol/) - [Software](https://observatory.global/software/) - [Hardware & power](https://observatory.global/hardware/) - [Sensors & instruments](https://observatory.global/sensors/) - [Connectivity](https://observatory.global/connectivity/) - [Edge compute & AI](https://observatory.global/edge-ai/) - [Earth observation & GeoAI](https://observatory.global/earth-observation/) © 2026 Nexus Observatory Inc. 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